| 초록 |
Objectives: Renal artery calcification score (RACS), quantified using the Agatston method, reflects renal vascular calcification; however, its association with longitudinal kidney function decline and kidney disease progression remains incompletely understood. We investigated the impact of RACS severity on kidney outcomes in older adults. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included subjects aged 60 years or older who underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) and had serum creatinine measured at least three times at Chung-Ang University Hospital between January 1, 2005 and February 28, 2020. RACS was calculated using the Agatston scoring method. Patients were categorized into three groups: RACS = 0, and RACS > 0 stratified into low and high groups according to the median RACS value among those with detectable calcification. Annualized change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (ΔeGFR) was assessed. Kidney outcomes included a composite of sustained 40% decline in eGFR or progression to ESRD, as well as each component analyzed separately. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios. Results: Among 25,806 participants, annualized eGFR decline differed significantly across RACS groups (median [IQR]: −0.013 [4.56] for RACS = 0, 0.351 [5.56] for RACS > 0 [low], and 0.885 [7.03] mL/min/1.73 m²/year for RACS > 0 [high]; P < 0.001), demonstrating a graded association between RACS severity and kidney function decline. Higher RACS was also associated with progressively increased risk of the composite kidney outcome. Compared with RACS = 0, adjusted hazard ratios were 1.14 (95% CI 1.02–1.27) for low RACS and 1.31 (1.17–1.45) for high RACS. Kaplan–Meier curves showed stepwise separation according to RACS severity (Figure). Conclusion: In older adults, renal artery calcification was independently associated with accelerated kidney function decline and adverse kidney outcomes, demonstrating a clear dose-dependent relationship between RACS severity and kidney disease progression. |