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논문분류	춘계학술대회 초록집
제목	Assessment of Frailty in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis
저자	Shaurya Sisodia
출판정보	2026; 2026(1):
키워드	Fraility, Sarcopenia, Maintenance hemodialysis
초록	Objectives: To assess frailty in patients of chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed frailty in 99 patients of chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis, using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), categorizing them as frail (SPPB ≤6), pre-frail (7–9), or robust (≥10). Continuous parameters were compared across groups using Kruskal-Wallis tests, and categorical variables using chi-square tests. Medians (IQR) were reported for continuous data, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: In this cross-sectional study of 99 patients with CKD on maintenance hemodialysis, 33 (33.3%) were frail (SPPB ≤6), 44 (44.4%) pre-frail (SPPB 7–9), and 22 (22.2%) robust (SPPB ≥10), with 77.8% showing frailty or pre-frailty. Frail patients were significantly older (median 56 [45–68] years) than pre-frail (32 [24–42] years) and robust (21 [18–26] years) groups (p<0.001). They had higher BMI (22.9 [19.5–29.1] kg/m²), longer illness duration (3 [2–4] years), lower residual renal function (50 [50–200] mL), reduced handgrip strength (18.9 [15.1–22.7] kg), lower skeletal muscle index (5.5 [4.9–6.2] kg/m²), worse anemia (Hb 9.5 [8.9–10.0] g/dL), hypoalbuminemia (3.2 [2.9–3.5] g/dL), and severe vitamin D deficiency (15 [8–22] ng/mL) compared to other groups (all p≤0.001 except iPTH p=0.021). Frailty was strongly associated with hypoalbuminemia (81.8%), recent hospitalization (66.7%), non-compliance (30.3%), almost no exercise (3.0%), thrice-weekly hemodialysis (42.4%), and vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL; 78.8%) (all p≤0.017). Hyperphosphatemia showed no association (p=0.277). Conclusion: Frailty and pre-frailty affect nearly 78% of maintenance hemodialysis patients and are strongly linked to older age, malnutrition, muscle wasting, vitamin D deficiency, hospitalization, and poor treatment adherence. Routine frailty screening using SPPB and targeted multimodal interventions addressing nutrition, exercise, and vitamin D status may improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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